E-commerce of on Supply Chain and Logistics Essay

E-commerce of on Supply Chain and Logistics - Essay Example According to Berger, a study conducted by Momentum Research Group found that US organizations involved in internet business solutions realized cumulative cost savings of US $ 155 billion in a three year period starting in 1998. Johnson and Whang stated that the key aspect of supply chain management has been management of information flow, with the transfer of information between companies their suppliers and customers through internet the importance of information management has created an effective supply chain. E-business is defined as a "marriage between the internet and supply chain integration." This marriage has led to transformation of many processes within a supply chain from procurement to product design and customer management. Various forms of e-business applications can be categorized into e-commerce, e-procurement and e-collaboration (2002). According to Berger "e-commerce can be defined as the conduct of business communication and transactions over networks and through computers or as the buying and selling of goods and services, and the transfer of funds, through digital communications. It can include all inter-company and intra-company functions (such as marketing, finance, manufacturing, selling and negotiation) that enable commerce." E-commerce communicates through e-mail, EDI, file transfer, facsimile, videoconferencing, workflow or interaction with remote computer. E- commerce has also associated with portals, e-marketplaces, e-auctions or virtual inventory. E-commerce impacts upon the three major factors of supply chain namely Physical, Financial and Informational flows. Impact of E-Commerce According to Berger e-commerce essentially gives the companies an access to markets and customers without moving the products and inventory physically, thus the physical movements can be avoided and product information made available through internet. With e-commerce solutions and information access being made available '24x7x365', product tracking and tracing information are made simple thus eliminating traditional paper based approach. Hence information flow also gets affected by e-commerce. Similarly financial flows too get affected by faster payments and settlement at every stage of the supply chain by e-commerce solutions. On further analysis it is observed that e-commerce impacts on supply chain for five principle reasons, which are as follows: 1. Major companies cannot afford to sit silent for underperformance, thus "the performance gap can no longer be hidden." 2. The Y2K problem compelled most of the companies to implement newer technologies and software. The e-commerce revolution has lead to the adoption of ERP systems, which manage operations not only internally but also with customers and suppliers. But some companies are in the initial stages of implementation of above steps and thus are unable to enjoy the benefits of these investments. 3. Last few years has seen an unprecedented investment by technology companies leading to "an acceleration of development of new software technology to support supply chain management." 4. Change of supply chain is a tough task and thus most of the companies have been avoiding some areas of supply chain. "The supply chain is one of the last major areas of business benefit." 5. The development of internet technologies have made world smaller and supply

Exp 5 Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Exp 5 - Lab Report Example The tape served as a spacer. One side of taped area was uncoated and an alligator clip could be connected later be connected. The surface of the tape and exposed glass was wiped using a tissue soaked in ethanol and the ethanol allowed to evaporate. A small amount of titanium dioxide paste was added and quickly spread by pushing with a microscope slide across the taped surface before the paste dries. The tape gave a spacing of 40-50 micrometers and thus controlled the thickness of the titanium dioxide layer. The tape was carefully removing without scratching the TiO2 coating. The glass was then heated on a hotplate in a hood for 10-20 minutes until the surface turned brown as the organic solvent and surfactant dried and burned off to produce a white or green sintered titanium dioxide coating. The glass was allowed to cool slowly. The coating was immersed in raspberry juice for ten minutes until a color change was observed. Remaining solution and solid was gently rinsed off with water followed by ethanol. A carbon coating was made on the conducting side of the second piece of tin oxide glass by passing it through the candle. The carbon which is located on the perimeter of three sides of the glass plate wiped off using a dry cotton swab. The two coated sides of both glasses were placed facing each other and held in place using two clips. Triiodide solution was added at the edge of the plate and allowed to spread through the interface. The current and voltage were then measured. When the dye-sensitized cell was placed in the sun the voltage measured was 3.73 and 3.72 volts which give a power of 930watts and 1193 watts respectively. When placed under the projector the measured voltages were 3.48 and 0.14V corresponding to a power of 97.44 watts and 18.2 watts respectively. From the experiment, it is observed that the highest power output was measured when the solar cell was placed outside in the sun. The solar cell efficiency is based

Super size me Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Super size me - Movie Review Example This film earned Morgan Spurlock the best director award in 2004 appreciating his personal investigation and contribution into issues associated with health hazards caused by fast foods. In the 30 days in which Spurlock subjects himself to a steady diet, his normal equilibrium and fit body undergo ugly and dark changes; his cholesterol increases dramatically, grows so fat, his organs develop beatings, and his days are characterized by mood swings, headaches, narrowed sexual energy, and addiction symptoms. The outcome of the film is a too obvious gimmick that cannot sustain any documentary features. This, Spurlock achieves by spending most parts of the film probing on subtle means that the fast food industry has wormed its way into the young children hearts and school lunchrooms. Making himself the subject of the documentary he was covering, Spurlock targets the commercial food industry as his main subject. The outcome of those 30 days was a sure proof of the mental and physical effec ts of easting fast food. The film also targets the American’s food culture through its politics and school corporation. The movie â€Å"Super Size Me† shades a different kind of light on obesity which has proved to be American’s biggest health issues (Super Size Me). The liberty value is what most American citizens value the most. They fight for the freedom of speech and freedom to work and be successful in life. However, this liberty value also involves the freedom to ruin their lives. This view is individualistic; it leaves the responsibility of each citizen’s prosperity on their heads. The worst that comes out of this situation is that it leads to a society that is selfish in which every man’s state is of no significance. This remains a critical issue to the nation as its citizens are intelligent and have a good sense in doing the right things for themselves and to those around them. This is however not the case, people have

Nursing research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Nursing research - Essay Example However, the hospital cannot involve the four nurses in the pediatric ward, which consequently requires the identification of one nurse who has extra training on children care. The identified nurse will be given the responsibility of equipping nurses with skills to assess, manage, and control pain in children. In addition, the pain nurse will provide the pediatric ward nurses with the skills to incorporate parents during pain management in order to provide personalized care. Resources required for proposed change In order to achieve successful implementation of any program, or proposed change, it is essential to allocate adequate resources that supported the implementation of the proposed change. In line with this, the fundamental resources required to implement this proposed change are not financial in nature, but they revolve around the availability of human resources in the hospital. In this case, the hospital requires a pain nurse who has pediatric training in order to handle the lead role of pain management in the hospital’s pediatric ward. On the other hand, the nurse requires the resource of time to train nurses in the pediatric ward and equip them with the skills required to assess, manage, and control pain in children. In line with this, financial resources will play an essential role in providing the materials required for training. Methods for monitoring solution implementation A program that is not monitored during its implementation can fail to achieve its objectives. In line with this, it is important to monitor a program in an approach that was effective and efficient in order to take corrective measures and promote the likelihood of achieving success. As the person responsible for this program, I will engage my mentor and the pain nurse in the monitoring process. In this case, my mentor and I will gather data from the nurses in the pediatric ward using a questionnaire that tested the efficacy of the program in the processes of assessing, managing, and controlling pain in children in this ward. Through a comparative analysis of this data, we will be able to identify the areas in the program that required improvement in order to promote the quality of care in patients. Conversely, I will ask the pain nurse to keep a record of the incidents that she witnesses as pediatric nurses manage pain in the wards. In effect, I will identify practices that required correction and develop approaches that corrected these approaches together with the pain nurse who will engage in the implementation process. Theory of planned change McNiff developed an eight-step model of action research that was instrumental in the implementation of this planned change. Primarily, the theory of planned change begins with a review of a nursing practice that identifies the change required. In this case, the review identified the need to manage pain in the hospital in an effective approach. Subsequently, the theory proposed a visualization of the way f orward, which provides the vision for developing the program with the fifth step involving the implementation of this program while using the action aid developed. During the process of implementation, it is important to engage in the process of monitoring the progress of the implementation process with the monitoring process providing corrective approaches that require evaluation. These approaches should be continuously implemented in order to achieve the

How communication flows, Organizational diversity and Conflict Essay

How communication flows, Organizational diversity and Conflict management - Essay Example The second form could be the one that starts from the lower or middle management and goes up towards the top management. A common example of this kind of communication flow is in the type of protests and rallies that arise at the lower level and the lower management wants to make sure that their voice gets heard courtesy the top cadre of the organization. The third communication flow could be in the kind of peer to peer communication and interaction. This means that the employees and the workers at the same level communicate within their own capacities and as such there are no hindrances arising from the whole communication matrix. Apart from this, within an organization the communication also flows in a formal as well as an informal manner. Where the communication is more formal and sophisticated, the interaction is usually done through paper and written requests whereas the informal talk is also called ‘grapevine’ and is mostly done in a casual manner without any such paper work to document the very same. Proper and smooth communication can only flow within an organization when there is complete understanding of the message at all possible levels. The barriers within the communication process should be removed as this is known as the â€Å"noise† factor in the whole communication matrix. Within an organization, the communication should always be of a formal nature so that there are no problems and grievances for all concerned. Organizational diversity means what kind of organizational working a company usually has within its folds. This could be in the form of a centralized fashion or a company which has a decentralized approach as far as its working methodologies are concerned. The centralized diversity of an organization understands the fact that the supreme basis of instructions and commands rests with only one single party and all the other staff members encircle this post of

Building and Sustaining School culture Research Paper

Building and Sustaining School culture - Research Paper Example Creating awareness of culture within school settings can trigger scholars and tutors to take on tasks that promote growth. A school is an organization that has its own principles, values, and norms. Culture is not a distinguishable aspect of a school setting. A school culture encloses teachers developing their attitudes and impacting their conclusions and deeds. Culture manipulates all facets of a school, as well as such aspects as teacher’s dressing, what the teachers talk about during their breaks, how the teachers decorate their classrooms and the teacher’s stress on definite facets of the program of study. This research paper will focus on the factors that can help in building and sustaining school culture within school settings and institutions and the key players.Sarason (1996) refers culture within a school setting as the set of beliefs and values coherent among the school leaders in steering the school and interpreted by the students into proper conducts and arm ored through the installation of discipline. School cultures are formed and transformed over time. Needless to say, there is a broad correspondence among authors and scholars on how school cultures reacts to and replicates community attributes held by the students. For this reason, school culture can be expressed as the air we breathe. It is hardly noticeable. Moreover, it also typifies the traits and values of its leaders (Sarason, 1996).Culture in school grows as â€Å"teachers associate with each other, students and the community†.... School culture is a dynamic aspect that is continuously â€Å"being constructed and shaped through dealings with other and replications on life and the world in general† (Sarason, 1996, p 27). Culture in school grows as â€Å"teachers associate with each other, students and the community† (Barth, 1990, p. 123).Sarason (1996) argues that it â€Å"becomes the guide for behavior shared among members of the school at large† (p. 32). Kruse and Louis (2008, p. 20) argue that schools â€Å"are shaped by cultural practices and values and reflect the norms of the society for which they have been developed†. Barth (1990) asserts that â€Å"rituals and procedures common to most schools play a vital role in defining school’s culture† (p.124). For instance, ringing bells and having students stand in lines. Sarason (1996, p. 138), asserts â€Å"it is challenging to determine the nature of a school’s culture because our own personal experiences and values put blinders on what we look at, choose to change, and evaluate; because our values and assumptions are usually implicit and second nature we proceed as if the way things are the way things should or could be†. Arguably, people scrutinize the customs, guidelines, curriculum, tasks, pedagogy and practices in institutions from side to side via the sieve of their personal experiences and values. Sarason (1996) points out that people must apprehend and analyze their own cultural impacts before examining a schools’. Before joining the school, teachers and other staff members are attached to other cultures. Their values, experiences, prior education and norms,affect their opinions on pedagogy, curriculum and reforms before stepping into classrooms. For this reason, any proposed cultural reform will be resisted. Effects of

Case Solution Electro Logic Essay Example for Free

Case Solution Electro Logic Essay Ram Singam -Electro Logic writeup1. Motivational Strengths and Weaknesses of Electro Logic Strengths: Electro Logic (EL) employees are part of a highly dynamic industry and they are given the opportunity to make a difference in IT through great perfection of the VFVA system. Salaries and wage raises are offered based on performance, stimulating as such EL staff members will increase their efforts in supporting the organization reach its overall goals. On-campus-job training programs are motivating as the employees are able to learn from their colleagues in a familiar environment, maximizing the chances of future successes. The company is continually evolving, engaging as such its employees in a complex dynamic process, which maintains their motivation and reduces routine work EL creates opportunities for social interactions, which increase morale and employee collaboration. Weaknesses In Electro Logic the fact that major funding comes primarily from the government, the budget for this company was not fixed for a long term, employee benefits, Health insurance premiums can change any time, no job security for employees; thus employees levels of motivation, and consequently performance and Outcomes are negatively affected. The selection criteria for the newly appointed responsibilities were rather arbitrary and this could generate dissatisfaction. Advancement opportunities are unclear to employees as such fail to properly motivate the EL employees. The internal structure of EL organization is based on vertical hierarchy, with employees being given limited access to distinguish them. The more flat the organization the better the motivation and performance. Reinforcement is missing. The three locations of the Electro Logic separate buildings reduce the employees ability to concentrate and integrate as a team and also reduce their morale on High-Priority Actions. The micro management in some areas should be reduced in the main building. The Administrative department should be treated fairly as it is also part of the company. The appreciation and integrated team work is missing at the Electro Logic. This reduces the outcomes. Employee’s personal needs are not recognized by the managers thus reducing the satisfaction.